主題演講
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Martijn Manders Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University (LEI)
荷蘭萊登大學考古學系教授。2017年於萊頓大學完成了博士學位，論文研究的主題是西部瓦登海的水下文化遺產管理 (underwater cultural heritage management in the Western Wadden Sea)。 在海洋考古學領域工作已有30多年的經驗。職業生涯開始於Alphen aan den Rijn的水下考古學部門（AAO），後來轉至Lelystad的荷蘭海洋和水下考古學研究所（NISA），然後加入文化遺產機構，他的專業活動跨足政策和研究。曾為多個國家和重要機構提供管理和研究方面的建議，並且也是國際知名的水下文化遺產國際委員會（ICOMOS-ICUCH）的董事會成員。他的研究範圍包括政策、國際公約、評估文化遺產的重要性，以及海洋文化遺產管理中的共同遺產、認知景觀和文化外交等主題。
How Shipwrecks Still Connect Us: A Dutch Programme to Manage VOC Ships Around the Globe
In 1624, the Dutch established their presence on Formosa, the island of Taiwan. They managed to stay there until 1662, but constantly had to fight their place with local and Chinese opponents. The economic benefits, however – being so close to the Chinese mainland and strategically also well positioned for Japan – were worth the trouble. Taiwan is one of the many places the Dutch East India Company (VOC) settled for longer or shorter time. These places were connected by ships by trading from the Netherlands, but also through a network of interasiatic markets. Many ships wrecked and now tell us a story of interconnectivity, economic gain, hardship, struggle, violence, the building of the largest company in the world and even globalism. The history of the world lies for a large part on the seabed! This underwater cultural heritage has universal values, connects countries and people and therefore needs to be taken care of. In the Netherlands, we therefore have decided to create a program specifically dealing with Dutch shipwrecks overseas. Besides working together with the coastal states to manage these sites, we also use the wrecks as a starting point of cooperation to learn from each other. Of course, technically, we can show each other what we are capable of, but just as interesting is to learn from one another about how we view the world and historical events in which we were involved. These different angles are vital for the understanding of who we are. They give us insight into the good and the bad; they mirror our common views. They may even alter our vision of the past and who we are now. This presentation will give some insights into the international cooperation we have built that relates to VOC shipwrecks and collections. Examples of excavations will be given, what they told us, taught us, and how we have used the past for future cooperation and benefit.
Keywords: VOC, underwater cultural heritage, shipwrecks, globalism
Shunya Yoshimi (吉見俊哉) Department of Tourism and Social Construction, Kogakuin University
國學院大學觀光與社造學系教授、前東京大學副校長暨情報學研究所教授、 東京大學大學院情報學環教授、東京大學新聞社理事長；曾任東京大學社會情報研究所教授（學科已重組）、情報學環學環長。東京大學教養學部社會學研究科博士課程單位取得退學。學術專長為社會學、文化研究。研究領域包括視聽眾研究、全球化、技術的社會建構、大眾文化等。
America in Taiwan/Japan: Historical Reconsideration on 19th Century West Pacific
In the 19th century, East Asia became entangled in the global imperialistic power struggle of the West. As I. Wallerstein has pointed out, since the explosive expansion of the Age of Exploration that bound the world under Western dominance, the hegemony in the world system shifted from Spain to the Netherlands, then to the British Empire, and eventually to the United States. However, in the Pacific Rim region, from the Japanese archipelago to the Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, the Philippines, and Indonesia, the influence of Spain and the Netherlands persisted until the 19th century, with the United States eventually replacing them.
In other words, while Japan and Indonesia were closer to the Netherlands, the Philippines was closer to Spain, and Taiwan was closer to Qing China, by the end of the 19th century, American influence had expanded in the western Pacific. Japan, having experienced this influence through the “Black Ships,” eventually rose as a military empire in East Asia, invading Taiwan, the Korean Peninsula, and the islands of the South Pacific.
In this keynote address, while considering such a significant historical perspective, I would like to reassess what “America” meant for the Japanese archipelago, the Ryukyu Islands, and Taiwan from the 19th to the 20th century.
Keywords: World system, Pacific Rim, imperialism, America, Japan
Alexander Adelaar Asia Institute, University of Melbourne (UoM)
墨爾本大學亞洲研究所的核心研究員，也是捷克帕拉茨基大學亞洲研究學系的資深研究員。Adelaar於1985年獲得萊頓大學博士學位。他是澳洲人文學院的院士，也是馬達加斯加學院的副院士。Adelaar的研究主要關注於南島語系語言的結構與歷史，尤其關注馬來、婆羅洲、馬達加斯加與臺灣等地多樣的語言。他目前正在研究馬達加斯加的語言和變遷歷史。自2009年從墨爾本大學退休以來，Adelaar曾在比利時（2010年）和荷蘭（2013-14年）的Institutes of Advanced Studies、大阪的國立民族學博物館（2011年）、東京外國語大學（2014-15年）、科隆大學（2016、2017、2019年）以及捷克帕拉茨基大學（2019至今）等地擔任研究員。Adelaar參與的國際研究項目包括德國耶拿Max-Planck Institute的南島語系基本詞彙數據庫（使用貝葉斯演化方法來測試關於澳洲人口遷移的順序和時間的假設）、新版 Kamus Dewan（馬來西亞政府資助的馬來語詞典），以及牛津線上參考書目：南島語言學文獻的編寫和維護。
Siraya: The Academic and Political Impact of a Dormant Language Over the Last Four Centuries
The Siraya were the Formosans who interacted most closely with the Dutch during the latter’s colonisation of western Taiwan (1627 to 1661). This paper gives an overview of the history of their language (also called Siraya) from the time of Dutch colonisation until the present. Although Siraya ceased to be spoken towards the end of the 19th century, it did have a considerable influence on ethnology and linguistics, which were burgeoning sciences at European universities and other learned institutes prior to the 20th century. The paper also relates how in the last two decades the Siraya people have been engaged in re-discovering their ethnic identity and revitalising their traditional language. It discusses the effects of these successful endeavours on Taiwanese politics, minority rights, and the awareness of an independent Formosan-related identity, which is growing.
Keywords: Siraya, language revitalization, minority rights, identity
